A Popperian Approach: Pre-service Teachers’ Preparation In Teaching English to Young Learners
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.24903/bej.v3i1.707Keywords:
Popperian approach, Teaching English as a foreign language (TEFL), Pre-service Teachers, English for Young LearnersAbstract
Karl Popper's falsification epistemology theory that all science develops through conjectures and refutations have enormous implications for education, especially in teaching English as a foreign language (TEFL). TEFL to young learners is a challenge for pre-service teachers in non-home English countries. They should prepare to teach English while they also use English as a foreign language. Pre-service teachers focused on mastering language skills, whereas many preparatory processes they have to ensure before they take into the English teaching profession. Therefore, in this article, the authors assert that pre-service teachers should master linguistics proficiency, pedagogy knowledge, and literature as the means used in teaching English. Some theories and research findings have been discussed in teaching English to EFL children. However, the scope of discussion on pre-service teachers' preparation is fragmented among the uses of language skill and teaching discipline. Even they rarely explain how to teach language in a fun way through literary works. With a comprehensive literature review method, this article focuses more on conveying the author's ideas and thoughts discussing EFL pre-service teachers' preparation in teaching English to young learners with the Popperian approach. The popperian approach is considered to be more dynamic and open to ideas and opinions on policies in various fields, one of which is education.
References
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[68] Yallop, C., & Fletcher, J. (2007). An introduction to phonetics and phonology.
[69] Zarrinabadi, N. (2014). Communicating in a second language: Investigating the effect of teacher on learners' willingness to communicate. System, 42, 288-295.
[70] Zhang, L. J., Thomas, N., & Qin, T. L. (2019). Language learning strategy research in system: looking back and looking forward. System, 84, 87-92.
[2] Akiba, M. (2011). Identifying program characteristics for preparing pre-service teachers for diversity. Teachers College Record, 113(3), 658-697.
[3] Asrial, A., Syahrial, S., Kurniawan, D. A., Subandiyo, M., & Amalina, N. (2019). Exploring Obstacles in Language Learning among Pre-service primary School Teacher. International Journal of Evaluation and Research in Education, 8(2), 249-254.
[4] Babatsouli, E. (Ed.). (2020). On Under-reported Monolingual Child Phonology. Multilingual Matters.
[5] Beck, C., & Kosnik, C. (2000). Associate teachers in pre-service education: Clarifying and enhancing their role. Journal of education for teaching, 26(3), 207-224.
[6] Betz, E. M., & Huth, T. (2014). Beyond grammar: Teaching interaction in the German language classroom. Die Unterrichtspraxis/Teaching German, 47(2), 140-163.
[7]Brandt, J. O., Barth, M., Merritt, E., & Hale, A. (2020). A matter of connection: The 4 Cs of learning in pre-service teacher education for sustainability. Journal of Cleaner Production, 279, 123749.
[8] Brewster, J., Ellis, G., Girard, D. 2002. The Primary English Teacher’s Guide. England: Penguin English.
[9] Caner, M. (2009). A study on blended learning model for teaching practice course in pre-service English language teacher training program. Unpublished Doctoral Dissertation. Anadolu University, Graduate School of Educational Sciences, Eskisehir, Turkey.
[10] Clandfield, L. (2008). Culture in ELT: Which C? Whose C. Teaching of English as A Second Language of Ontario, 34(3), 4-8.
[11] Copland, F., Garton, S., & Burns, A. (2014). Challenges in teaching English to young learners: global perspectives and local realities. Tesol Quarterly, 48(4), 738-762.
[12] CsÃkos, C., & Szitányi, J. (2020). Teachers' pedagogical content knowledge in teaching word problem-solving strategies. ZDM, 52(1), 165-178.
[13] Darwis, N., & Hasanah, U. (2020). The Effectiveness of Using Teaching English for Young Learner (TEYL) Module for Pre-service Teacher Based on Teacher Training Approach. IDEAS: Journal on English Language Teaching and Learning, Linguistics and Literature, 8(1).
[14] De Jong, E. J., & Harper, C. A. (2005). Preparing mainstream teachers for English-language learners: Is being a good teacher good enough?. Teacher Education Quarterly, 32(2), 101-124.
[15] De Swaan, A. (2013). Words of the world: The global language system. John Wiley & Sons.
[16] Diane, L. (2019). Techniques and principles in language teaching.
[17] Durriyah, T. L. (2014). Reading and responding to children’s literature: A qualitative study of Indonesian pre-service teachers’ response in an Introduction to Children’s Literature course (Doctoral dissertation, The Ohio State University).
[18] El-Naggar, B. E. E. S., Ibrahim, M. H., & Marzouq, A. A. Optimizing Conversation Analysis (CA) to Develop EFL Pre-serviceTeachers’ Syntactic Proficiency.
[19] Ernest, P., Skovsmose, O., Paul van Bendegem, J., Bicudo, M., Miarka, R., Kvasz, L., & Moeller, R. (2016). The philosophy of mathematics education. Springer Nature.
[20] Feimanâ€Nemser, S., & Buchmann, M. (1986). The first year of teacher preparation: Transition to pedagogical thinking?. Journal of curriculum studies, 18(3), 239-256.
[21] Galindo Torres, L. A. (2020). Foreign Language Learning in Early Grades: Teaching Strategies for Classroom Instruction.
[22] Garton, S., Copland, F., & Burns, A. (2011). Investigating global practices in teaching English to young learners. ELT Research papers, 11(1), 1-24.
[23] Gebhard, J. G. (2006). Teaching English as a foreign or second language: A teacher self-development and methodology guide. University of Michigan Press.
[24] Gerson, G. (2019). Nationality in the open society: Popper versus Hayes and Kohn. Nations and Nationalism, 25(1), 208-228.
[25] Ghazali, S. N., Setia, R., Muthusamy, C., & Jusoff, K. (2009). ESL Students' Attitude towards Texts and Teaching Methods Used in Literature Classes. English language teaching, 2(4), 51-56.
[26] Hagger, H., & Malmberg, L. E. (2011). Pre-service teachers’ goals and future-time extension, concerns, and well-being. Teaching and Teacher Education, 27(3), 598-608.
[27] Hollie, S. (2017). Culturally and linguistically responsive teaching and learning: Classroom practices for student success. Teacher Created Materials.
[28] Huang, R., Spector, J. M., & Yang, J. (2019). Linking learning objectives, pedagogies, and technologies. In Educational Technology (pp. 49-62). Springer, Singapore.
[29] Itoi, E. (2014). Pre-service EFL teachers' possible selves: A longitudinal study of the shifting development of professional identities. Temple University.
[30] Karabuz, O., & Ogan-Bekiroglu, F. (2020). Pre-Service Teachers' Technological Pedagogical Content Knowledge (TPCK) Related to Calculator-Based Laboratory and Contextual Factors Influencing Their TPCK. Journal of Curriculum and Teaching, 9(3), 57-75.
[31] Kosnik, C., & Beck, C. (2009). Priorities in teacher education: The 7 key elements of pre-service preparation. Routledge.
[32] Ladson-Billings, G. J. (1999). Chapter 7: Preparing teachers for diverse student populations: A critical race theory perspective. Review of research in education, 24(1), 211-247.
[33] Ladson-Billings, G. (2004). Crossing over to Canaan: The journey of new teachers in diverse classrooms. John Wiley & Sons.
[34] Larsen-Freeman, D. (2000). Techniques and principles in language teaching. Oxford University.
[35] Li, D., & Liu, Y. (2020). International Counseling Doctoral Students' Teaching Preparation: A Phenomenological Study. Counselor Education and Supervision, 59(3), 200-215.
[36] Li, G. (2011). The Role of Culture in Literacy, Learning, and Teaching. In Handbook of Reading Research, Volume IV (pp. 541-564). Routledge.
[37] Lysvik, J. K. (2020). Where does naturalness in phonology come from?—Insights from Artificial Language Learning.
[38] Mizell, J. D. (2020). Apprenticeship of pre-service teachers through culturally sustaining systemic functional linguistics. Language and Education, 1-17.
[39] Motteram, G. (2013). Innovations in learning technologies for English language teaching. British Council.
[40] Murphy, K. A., & Diehm, E. A. (2020). Collecting words: A clinical example of a morphology-focused orthographic intervention. Language, Speech, and Hearing Services in Schools, 51(3), 544-560.
[41] Nind, M., & Lewthwaite, S. (2020). A conceptual-empirical typology of social science research methods pedagogy. Research Papers in Education, 35(4), 467-487.
[42] Numonjonov, S. D. (2020). Innovative methods of professional training. ISJ Theoretical & Applied Science, 1(81), 747-750.
[43] O'MALLEY, J. M., Chamot, A. U., Stewnerâ€Manzanares, G. L. O. R. I. A., Russo, R. P., & Küpper, L. (1985). Learning strategy applications with students of English as a second language. TESOL Quarterly, 19(3), 557-584.
[44] Onwuegbuzie, A. J., & Frels, R. (2016). Seven steps to a comprehensive literature review: A multimodal and cultural approach. Sage.
[45] Oxford, R. L. (2016). Teaching and researching language learning strategies: Self-regulation in context. Taylor & Francis.
[46] Parvin, P. (2010). Karl Popper. Bloomsbury Publishing USA.
[47] Peacock, M. (2001). Pre-service ESL teachers' beliefs about second language learning: A longitudinal study. System, 29(2), 177-195
[48] Pentury, H. J., & Anggraeni, A. D. (2019). Enriching Teachers’ Pedagogical Strategy using the Role of Global Competence Learning Model. Jurnal Pendidikan Progresif, 9(1), 29-39.
[49] Perihan, K., & Mehmet, Ç. (2020). Pre-service teachers’ cognition on student understanding in the EFL language classroom.
[50] Pinter, A. (2017). Teaching young language learners. Oxford University Press.
[51] Popper, K. (2014). After the open society: Selected social and political writings. Routledge.
[52] Powell, B. J., Waltz, T. J., Chinman, M. J., Damschroder, L. J., Smith, J. L., Matthieu, M. M., ... & Kirchner, J. E. (2015). A refined compilation of implementation strategies: results from the Expert Recommendations for Implementing Change (ERIC) project. Implementation Science, 10(1), 21.
[53] Richards, J. C., & Farrell, T. S. C. (2005). Professional development for language teachers: Strategies for teacher learning. Ernst Klett Sprachen.
[54] Richards, J. C., & Rodgers, T. S. (2014). Approaches and methods in language teaching. Cambridge university press.
[55] Saafin, S. (2019). How to Help Students Learn English Better:" Towards Creating a Language Learning Culture". English Language Teaching, 12(9), 126-136.
[56] Saito, K., Trofimovich, P., & Isaacs, T. (2016). Second language speech production: Investigating linguistic correlates of comprehensibility and accentedness for learners at different ability levels. Applied Psycholinguistics, 37(2), 217-240.
[57] Samson, J. F., & Collins, B. A. (2012). Preparing All Teachers to Meet the Needs of English Language Learners: Applying Research to Policy and Practice for Teacher Effectiveness. Center for American Progress.
[58] Senjaya, W. (2008). Strategi Pembelajaran. Berorientasi Standar Proses Pendidikan.
[59] Setiyadi, A. G. (2020). Teaching English as a foreign language.
[60] Shanahan, T. (2020). Limiting Children to Books They Can Already Read: Why It Reduces Their Opportunity to Learn. American Educator, 44(2), 13.
[61] Stanley, P., & Stevenson, M. (2017). Making sense of not making sense: Novice English language teacher talk. Linguistics and Education, 38, 1-10.
[62] Suparsa, I. N., Mantra, I. B. N., & Widiastuti, I. A. M. S. (2017). Developing learning methods of Indonesian as a foreign language. International journal of social sciences and humanities, 1(2), 51-57.
[63] Tarnoto, et al. (2016). Modul Bermain Peran “ Aku Sayang Temanku. Fakultas Psikologi Universitas Ahmad Dahlan
[64] Teo, P. (2019). Teaching for the 21st century: A case for dialogic pedagogy. Learning, Culture and Social Interaction, 21, 170-178.
[65] Timmerman, G. (2009). Teacher educators modeling their teachers?. European journal of teacher education, 32(3), 225-238.
[66] Wicaksono, A., dkk. 2016. Teori Pembelajaran Bahasa: Suatu Catatan Singkat Edisi Revisi. Yogyakarta: Garudhawaca.
[67] Widyawati, A., & Usman, O. (2019). The Influence of Learning Media, Teaching Methods, E-Learning and Teacher’s Creativity of Learning Interest. E-Learning and Teacher’s Creativity of Learning Interest (December 27, 2019).
[68] Yallop, C., & Fletcher, J. (2007). An introduction to phonetics and phonology.
[69] Zarrinabadi, N. (2014). Communicating in a second language: Investigating the effect of teacher on learners' willingness to communicate. System, 42, 288-295.
[70] Zhang, L. J., Thomas, N., & Qin, T. L. (2019). Language learning strategy research in system: looking back and looking forward. System, 84, 87-92.
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Published
2021-02-26
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Astutik, Y. ., Dharmawanti Kurnia, F. ., & Mustofa, A. . (2021). A Popperian Approach: Pre-service Teachers’ Preparation In Teaching English to Young Learners. Borneo Educational Journal (Borju), 3(1), 18–35. https://doi.org/10.24903/bej.v3i1.707
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